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| Global M Estudios - Studies |
Climate Hot Map
Africa
Africa
| Texto del Protocolo Protocol text |
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3. Cairo, Egypt -- Warmest August on record, 1998. Temperatures reached 105.8?F (41?C) on August 6, 1998.
5. Southern Africa -- Warmest and driest decade on record, 1985-1995. Average temperature increased almost 1?F
(0.56?C) over the past century.
41. Senegal -- Sea-level rise; Sea-level rise is causing the loss of coastal land at Rufisque, on the South Coast of
Senegal.
61. Kenya -- Mt. Kenya's largest glacier disappearing. 92 percent of the Lewis Glacier has melted in the past 100
years.
121. World Ocean - Warming water. The world ocean has experienced a net warming of 0.11?F (0.06?C) from the
sea surface to a depth of 10,000 feet (3000 m) over the past 35-45 years. More than half of the increase in heat
content has occurred in the upper 1000 feet (300 m), which has warmed by 0.56?F (0.31?C). Warming is occurring
in all ocean basins and at much deeper depths than previously thought. These findings lend support to the
hypothesis that the oceans are taking up excess heat as the atmosphere warms, and would account for the
apparent discrepancy in the magnitude of the observed atmospheric warming as compared to climate model
predictions.
133. Mount Kilmanjaro, Tanzania - Ice projected to disappear by 2020. 82% of Kilimanjaro?s ice has
disappeared since 1912, with about one-third melting in just the last dozen years. At this rate, all of the ice will be
gone in about 15 years. Scientists hypothesize that less snow on the mountain during the rainy season decreases
the surface reflectiveness, leading to higher rates of absorption of heat and increased ice melt.
134. Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda - Disappearing glaciers. Since the 1990s, glacier area has decreased by about
75%. The continent of Africa warmed by 0.9? F (0.5?C) during the past century, and the five warmest years in
Africa have all occurred since 1988.
Harbingers
14. Kenya -- Deadly malaria outbreak, summer, 1997. Hundreds of people died from malaria in the Kenyan
highlands where the population had previously been unexposed.
17. Tanzania -- Malaria expands in mountains. Higher annual temperatures in the Usamabara Mountains have
been linked to expanding malaria transmission.
51. Indian Ocean -- Coral Reef Bleaching (includes Seychelles; Kenya; Reunion; Mauritius; Somalia;
Madagascar; Maldives; Indonesia; Sri Lanka; Gulf of Thailand [Siam]; Andaman Islands; Malaysia; Oman; India;
and Cambodia).
52. Persian Gulf -- Coral reef bleaching.
57. Seychelles Islands -- Coral reef bleaching.
151. Kenya - Worst drought in 60 years, 2001. Over four million people were affected by a severely reduced
harvest, weakened livestock, and poor sanitary conditions.
154. Lake Chad - Disappearing Lake. The surface area of the lake has decreased from 9,650 square miles (25,000
km2) in 1963 to 521 (1,350 km2) today. Modeling studies indicate the severe reduction results from a combination
of reduced rainfall and increased demand for water for agricultural irrigation and other human needs.
156. South Africa - Burning shores, January 2000. One of the driest Decembers on record and temperatures over
104?F (40?C) fueled extensive fires along the coast in the Western Cape Province. The intensity of the fires was
exacerbated by the presence of invasive vegetation species, some of which give off 300% more heat when burned
compared to natural vegetation.
3. Cairo, Egypt -- Warmest August on record, 1998. Temperatures reached 105.8?F (41?C) on August 6, 1998.
5. Southern Africa -- Warmest and driest decade on record, 1985-1995. Average temperature increased almost 1?F
(0.56?C) over the past century.
41. Senegal -- Sea-level rise; Sea-level rise is causing the loss of coastal land at Rufisque, on the South Coast of
Senegal.
61. Kenya -- Mt. Kenya's largest glacier disappearing. 92 percent of the Lewis Glacier has melted in the past 100
years.
121. World Ocean - Warming water. The world ocean has experienced a net warming of 0.11?F (0.06?C) from the
sea surface to a depth of 10,000 feet (3000 m) over the past 35-45 years. More than half of the increase in heat
content has occurred in the upper 1000 feet (300 m), which has warmed by 0.56?F (0.31?C). Warming is occurring
in all ocean basins and at much deeper depths than previously thought. These findings lend support to the
hypothesis that the oceans are taking up excess heat as the atmosphere warms, and would account for the
apparent discrepancy in the magnitude of the observed atmospheric warming as compared to climate model
predictions.
133. Mount Kilmanjaro, Tanzania - Ice projected to disappear by 2020. 82% of Kilimanjaro?s ice has
disappeared since 1912, with about one-third melting in just the last dozen years. At this rate, all of the ice will be
gone in about 15 years. Scientists hypothesize that less snow on the mountain during the rainy season decreases
the surface reflectiveness, leading to higher rates of absorption of heat and increased ice melt.
134. Rwenzori Mountains, Uganda - Disappearing glaciers. Since the 1990s, glacier area has decreased by about
75%. The continent of Africa warmed by 0.9? F (0.5?C) during the past century, and the five warmest years in
Africa have all occurred since 1988.
Harbingers
14. Kenya -- Deadly malaria outbreak, summer, 1997. Hundreds of people died from malaria in the Kenyan
highlands where the population had previously been unexposed.
17. Tanzania -- Malaria expands in mountains. Higher annual temperatures in the Usamabara Mountains have
been linked to expanding malaria transmission.
51. Indian Ocean -- Coral Reef Bleaching (includes Seychelles; Kenya; Reunion; Mauritius; Somalia;
Madagascar; Maldives; Indonesia; Sri Lanka; Gulf of Thailand [Siam]; Andaman Islands; Malaysia; Oman; India;
and Cambodia).
52. Persian Gulf -- Coral reef bleaching.
57. Seychelles Islands -- Coral reef bleaching.
151. Kenya - Worst drought in 60 years, 2001. Over four million people were affected by a severely reduced
harvest, weakened livestock, and poor sanitary conditions.
154. Lake Chad - Disappearing Lake. The surface area of the lake has decreased from 9,650 square miles (25,000
km2) in 1963 to 521 (1,350 km2) today. Modeling studies indicate the severe reduction results from a combination
of reduced rainfall and increased demand for water for agricultural irrigation and other human needs.
156. South Africa - Burning shores, January 2000. One of the driest Decembers on record and temperatures over
104?F (40?C) fueled extensive fires along the coast in the Western Cape Province. The intensity of the fires was
exacerbated by the presence of invasive vegetation species, some of which give off 300% more heat when burned
compared to natural vegetation.
